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Featured list: List of defense of marriage amendments to U.S. state constitutions by type |
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Further information: See Defense of marriage amendment
Current defense of marriage amendments to US state constitutions, by type Constitutional amendment bans same-sex marriage, civil unions, and any marriage-like contract between unmarried persons Constitutional amendment bans same-sex marriage and civil unions Constitutional amendment bans same-sex marriage Constitutional amendment grants legislature authority to ban same-sex marriage No defense of marriage constitutional amendments
There are several different types of what have been unofficially termed defense of marriage amendments in the United States. These amendments to U.S. state constitutions have been enacted in order to prevent civil unions or same-sex marriages from being legalized, though some of the amendments bar only the latter. As of 2009, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Iowa, Vermont and New Hampshire are the only U.S. states to allow same-sex marriage. Thirty defense of marriage amendments have been adopted. Of these, ten make only same-sex marriage unconstitutional, seventeen make both same-sex marriage and civil unions unconstitutional, two make same-sex marriage, civil unions, and other contracts unconstitutional, and one is unique. Hawaii's amendment is unique in that it does not make same-sex marriage unconstitutional; rather, it allows the state to limit marriage to opposite-sex couples. Virginia's amendment prevents the state from recognizing private contracts that "approximate" marriage. Observers have pointed out that such language encompasses private contracts and medical directives. |
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